C. Hennigs
M. Hustedt
S. Markstein
D. Wenzel
A. Hutter
M. Krings
M. Pacelli

Protective clothing against laser radiation

Technische Textilien / Technical Textiles
1
56
E28-E30
2013
Type: Zeitschriftenaufsatz (non-reviewed)
Abstract
In contrast to eye protection using laser goggles, protective clothing against laser radiation is hardly available on today's market, although the laser market has been increasing since decades and the technology is connected with considerable risks. In order to realize textile-based laser-protective clothing, two approaches exist in general. On one hand, a passive design can be used that provides functionality based on the movement of the PPE user. In this case, pain perception and the corresponding protective mechanism have the effect that the user pulls away the irradiated body part from the hazard area reflexively. The requirements for passive laser PPE comprise an energy input into the protective textile that is as low as possible, thus increasing the resistance time of the textile system. This can be achieved using a highly reflecting surface, the remission behaviour being mainly diffuse in order to minimize secondary threats by directly reflected laser radiation. Furthermore, the heat conductivity perpendicular to the textile layer has to be as small as possible in order to protect the skin against burns. However, a small heat transfer through the protective clothing to the skin is necessary to allow pain perception. Additionally, a well-directed lateral heat dissipation into the textile construction leads to an enlargement of the absorption volume and a reduction of the energy density and thus also to a prolonged resistance time of the protective system. For the evaluation of the sensor signals and the wireless communication to access the safety control of the laser system, two modules are necessary. The small transmission unit is connected to the sensor element which is integrated in the clothing and e.g. stored in a small pocket. These sensors are integrated in the multilayer structure in such a way that they are protected by the outer layer of the multilayer assembly against mechanical influences as well as against a premature activation by very low (quasi non-dangerous) incident laser powers due to passive laser-protective properties. Corresponding to the large number of possible applications and to the resulting manifold requirements with respect to laser PPE, several PPE variants in the form of jackets, trousers, aprons, and gloves have been realized and different textile layer combinations and multilayer thicknesses have been implemented up to now in order to be able to choose adequate PPE for the relevant laser sources with their different powers and for the resulting foreseeable exposure limit (FEL) values